Everything about The Antonov A-40 totally explained
The
Antonov A-40 Krylya Tanka (
Russian: "tank wings") was a
Soviet attempt to allow a
tank to glide into a battlefield after being towed aloft by an airplane, to support airborne forces or
partisans. A prototype was built and tested in 1942, but was found to be unworkable. This vehicle is sometimes called the
A-40T or
KT.
Design and devleopment
Instead of loading
light tanks onto
gliders, as other nations had done, Soviet
airborne forces had strapped
T-27 tankettes underneath heavy bombers and landed them on airfields. In the 1930s there were experimental efforts to
parachute tanks or simply drop them into water. During the
1940 occupation of Bessarabia, light tanks may have been dropped from a few metres by
TB-3 bombers, allowing them to roll to a stop with the
clutch in neutral.
The biggest problem with air-dropping vehicles is that their crews drop separately, and may be delayed or prevented from bringing them into action. Gliders allow crews to arrive at the drop zone along with their vehicles. They also minimize exposure of the valuable towing aircraft, which needn't appear over the battlefield. So the
Soviet Air Force ordered
Oleg Antonov to design a glider for landing tanks.
Antonov was more ambitious, and instead of building a glider added a detachable cradle to a
T-60 light tank, bearing large wood and fabric
biplane wings and
twin tail. Such a tank could glide into the battlefield, drop its wings, and be ready to fight within minutes.
One T-60 was converted into a glider in 1942, intended to be towed by a
Petlyakov Pe-8 or
Tupolev TB-3. The tank was lightened for air use by removing armament, ammunition, headlights and leaving a very limited amount of fuel. Even with the modifications, the TB-3 bomber had to ditch the glider during its only flight on
September 2,
1942 to avoid crashing, due to the T-60's extreme drag (although the tank reportedly glided smoothly). A-40 was piloted by the famous Soviet glider experimental pilot
Sergey Anokhin. The T-60 landed on a field near the airdrome, and after dropping the glider wings and tail, the driver returned it to its base. Due to the lack of sufficiently-powerful aircraft to tow it at the required 160 km/h, the project was abandoned.
The Soviet Union continued to develop methods to efficiently deploy airborne vehicles. By the mid-1970s they were able to para-drop
BMD-1 fighting vehicles with crew members aboard.
Specifications
Further Information
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